Alternative Routes to Oral Opioid Administration in Palliative Care: A Review and Clinical Summary
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BACKGROUND Melatonin is traditionally administered orally but has a poor and variable bioavailability. This study aims to present an overview of studies investigating the pharmacokinetics of alternative administration routes of melatonin. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed and included experimental or clinical studies, investigating pharmacokinetics of alternative administra...
متن کاملPharmacokinetics of Alternative Administration Routes of Melatonin: A Systematic Review
Introduction ▼ Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland, regulating the circadian rhythm in mammals [1]. Exogenous administration of melatonin improves sleep quality [2], reduces jet lag [3], and possesses analgesic [4, 5], anti-oxidative [6, 7] and anti-inflammatory effects [6]. Melatonin is traditionally administered orally, but the drug displays a poor and variable bioavailability...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Pain Medicine
سال: 2014
ISSN: 1526-2375
DOI: 10.1111/pme.12464